吉他是“低级入门乐器”?吉他大师教你做人

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本文来自世界级的吉他大师Abraham Joshua Wechter的访谈节目。

这是一个很好的问题。首先，我认为，从某种程度上说，吉他确实是一个非常简单的入门乐器。在一开始接触吉他，它非常简单。我是说，只需要学习几个和弦就可以弹奏吉他，而不需要非常专业去弹奏极为复杂的音乐。凭借这一点，你可以走得很远。换一个角度说，入门阶段很短，你可非常非常快得享受到吉他带来的乐趣，因为它相对容易上手，这是件好事。

同时，要成为一个非常非常出色的吉他手却很困难。因此，如果你选择全身心投入，让自己去更认真地学习如何弹吉他。你可能要花一辈子去学，持续不停地弹奏。它提供了机会让你很容易入门（初期的时间成本、精力成本投入很低），让你自己做出选择是否要继续走下去。所以它的确是个简单易学的乐器，但它也可以是个巨大的挑战。

而且你可以去尝试一些不同的风格的吉他，一些不同种类的音乐，这是弹奏吉他的好处。我认为，在现代音乐中，吉他绝对是“万能”乐器之一。另一点，在中国尤甚。许多人倾向于认为古典音乐是一种高质量或者更精细的音乐类型，毫无疑问，古典音乐非常美，也可以是非常复杂的。但是有更多的即兴风格的音乐，更适合吉他。像爵士乐、流行乐或摇滚乐，那些音乐风格也都十分具有挑战性。存在着许多伟大的爵士乐手、流行乐手和摇滚乐手，所以这些非常非常有难度的。我个人并不认为其他音乐就比古典音乐更无趣，更简单。吉他可以是非常简单的乐器，可以是非常具有挑战性的乐器，还可以用来探索尝试任何不同的音乐风格。

好吧，传统的古典音乐绝对是非常顶级的，也是最美妙的音乐。确实有许多针对吉他写出的音乐作品，数量很多，但是没有像写给提琴的交响乐和室内音乐那么多。同样，也有一些写给吉他的古典乐，不过是给古典吉他的（而非民谣吉他）用于即兴弹奏。即兴弹奏，并不是你照着乐谱上的音符或者记忆中的音符来弹奏的。对原曲做出改编，就好像你自己的原创音乐一样。

举个例子，很多伟大的爵士乐手只是弹奏了一系列的音符，不过他们在一起弹奏，并相互回应，就好像在一问一答。这就是即兴音乐。吉他非常适合即兴演奏，它更自由，你可以思考一下你说的古典音乐比即兴音乐好这个问题。古典音乐，把一切都写下来，照本宣科。音乐家们编写出美妙的音乐，并记录下来。然后就是你的工作了，作为表演者，诠释音乐。人们基本上都是根据写好的谱子来弹奏，但在即兴弹奏中只弹奏原谱中的基础音符，你可以表达你自己和你自己的想法，按照你自己喜欢的方式去弹奏。去改编，去和音乐家互动，去与其他人一起弹奏，就像一场对话一样。这是一种完全不同的技术。有些音乐家非常专业有技术，有些就喜欢不插电的表演音乐，但是他们同样会即兴表演。

我个人并不认为即兴音乐就劣于古典音乐，所以如果你说他是次等的音乐，我的答案一定是否定的。如果你单纯以现存的为吉他编写的古典音乐来衡量音乐。是的，没错，小提琴大提琴拥有更多的古典音乐。但是我不认为这是衡量一个音乐品质高低的唯一标准。音乐并不是只有古典音乐。我爱古典乐，但我更爱各种各样其他形式的音乐，并不只是古典乐。

That’s an excellent question. First ofall, I think, in a way, its true guitar is a very simple instrument. In thebeginning, it can be very simple, And what I mean by that, it’s possible withthe guitar to learn how to play just a few cords without becoming reallyprofession and playing complicated music, and you can go very far with that. Inanother way, you can enjoy playing music very very quickly with guitar, becauseit’s relatively easy to learn how to play and that’s a good thing.

At the same time, to become a reallyreally accomplished stunning guitar is very difficult. And so if you choose todevote yourself more seriously learning how t

o play guitar. It can be a lifelong journey as you continue to involve in your playing. It offersopportunities to play very easily in the beginning, but you can go very farwith that if you choose to. So it’s both true simple and easy instrument，butit can also be extremely challenge.

And it can be very rewarding that youcan go some of any different directions of the instrument, some of anydifferent kinds of music that you can play with guitar. I think it’s certainlyone of versatile instruments in contemporary music, so other point, I think is particularlytrue here in China. Many people tend to assume or associate classicmusic as being a kind of high quality or more involved type of music, and whileit’s true that classic music is very very beautiful and can be very complex. Thereare more improvisational styles that are particularly well suited for guitar.I’m referring more to jazz or pop or rock, I wouldn’t say that those styles areless challenging at all; there are great great jazz player, pop player and rockplayer too. so there pop rock and jazz style that also very very challenging.Personally I don’t consider that any less interesting or, you know,sophisticated or anything than some classic music. I think it’s true thatguitar can be very simple instrument and can be very challenging instrument inexploring any different style of music.

Ok, if you look at just traditionalclassic music as being very top, the most desirable kind of music. It’s truethat there is laminated number of pieces that is written for guitar. there aremany, but not as much as symphonic music, chamber music for violin family orother instrument, but there is a lot great classic written for guitar too, butthere also is a lot of great guitar playing for classic guitar, playing byimprovisation, which you are not just playing the certain notes that you arereading not just memorizing the music that you are play at. you are kind ofplaying it the original music as you are changing the music.

So a lot of great jazz player forexample, just playing a series of notes but as they play together they reactingeach other, they kind of speak back with each other. So that’s theimprovisational music. guitar is very well suited for improvisational playing. It’smuch more free, You can really care what you say classic music is better thanimprovisational music. in classic music, everything is written down compose theright music, and they will note it and then your job, the performer is tointerpret the music, but basically to play it as compose written, but inimprovisational music you are taking certain basic ideas, but your expressingyourself or your feeling or you kind of play the way you want play it, kind ofchange all or interact into musician and also to play together with the peoplewho doing the same thing, kind of conversation, so that the completelydifferent skill so there are some classic musician are very very technicallyand……skill some like unplugged performance at playing the music, but they havethe ability to improvise.

So I don't personally thinkimprovisational music as being less and stature than classic music, so if yousay it’s simple or kind of second grade instrument. I will say absolutely not,but if you judge it purely on the basis of how much classic music is writtenfor it. Yes it’s true there are more classic music written for violin familyinstruments. But I don’t consider that is the only way to judge whether themusic is high-quality or not. It doesn’t have to be the only classical. I loveclassical music, but I love a lot of different form of music, not justclassical.

乐器与曲目无论难易，它的演绎都要靠弹奏者对音乐的热爱，我们的灵魂再音乐中没有高低，乐器也是。

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